# Copyright 2010 Hakan Kjellerstrand hakank@bonetmail.com # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the 'License'); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an 'AS IS' BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ Nonogram (Painting by numbers) in Google CP Solver. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonogram ''' Nonograms or Paint by Numbers are picture logic puzzles in which cells in a grid have to be colored or left blank according to numbers given at the side of the grid to reveal a hidden picture. In this puzzle type, the numbers measure how many unbroken lines of filled-in squares there are in any given row or column. For example, a clue of '4 8 3' would mean there are sets of four, eight, and three filled squares, in that order, with at least one blank square between successive groups. ''' See problem 12 at http://www.csplib.org/. http://www.puzzlemuseum.com/nonogram.htm Haskell solution: http://twan.home.fmf.nl/blog/haskell/Nonograms.details Brunetti, Sara & Daurat, Alain (2003) 'An algorithm reconstructing convex lattice sets' http://geodisi.u-strasbg.fr/~daurat/papiers/tomoqconv.pdf The Comet model (http://www.hakank.org/comet/nonogram_regular.co) was a major influence when writing this Google CP solver model. I have also blogged about the development of a Nonogram solver in Comet using the regular constraint. * 'Comet: Nonogram improved: solving problem P200 from 1:30 minutes to about 1 second' http://www.hakank.org/constraint_programming_blog/2009/03/comet_nonogram_improved_solvin_1.html * 'Comet: regular constraint, a much faster Nonogram with the regular constraint, some OPL models, and more' http://www.hakank.org/constraint_programming_blog/2009/02/comet_regular_constraint_a_muc_1.html Compare with the other models: * Gecode/R: http://www.hakank.org/gecode_r/nonogram.rb (using 'regexps') * MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_regular.mzn * MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_create_automaton.mzn * MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_create_automaton2.mzn Note: nonogram_create_automaton2.mzn is the preferred model This model was created by Hakan Kjellerstrand (hakank@bonetmail.com) Also see my other Google CP Solver models: http://www.hakank.org/google_or_tools/ """ import sys from constraint_solver import pywrapcp # # Make a transition (automaton) list of tuples from a # single pattern, e.g. [3,2,1] # def make_transition_tuples(pattern): p_len = len(pattern) num_states = p_len + sum(pattern) tuples = pywrapcp.IntTupleSet(3) # this is for handling 0-clues. It generates # just the minimal state if num_states == 0: tuples.Insert3(1, 0, 1); return (tuples, 1) # convert pattern to a 0/1 pattern for easy handling of # the states tmp = [0]; c = 0 for pattern_index in range(p_len): tmp.extend([1] * pattern[pattern_index]) tmp.append(0) for i in range(num_states): state = i + 1 if tmp[i] == 0: tuples.Insert3(state, 0, state) tuples.Insert3(state, 1, state + 1) else: if i < num_states - 1: if tmp[i + 1] == 1: tuples.Insert3(state, 1, state + 1) else: tuples.Insert3(state, 0, state + 1) tuples.Insert3(num_states, 0, num_states) return (tuples, num_states) # # check each rule by creating an automaton and transition constraint. # def check_rule(rules, y): cleaned_rule = [rules[i] for i in range(len(rules)) if rules[i] > 0] (transition_tuples, last_state) = make_transition_tuples(cleaned_rule) initial_state = 1 accepting_states = [last_state] solver = y[0].solver() solver.Add(solver.TransitionConstraint(y, transition_tuples, initial_state, accepting_states)) def main(rows, row_rule_len, row_rules, cols, col_rule_len, col_rules): # Create the solver. solver = pywrapcp.Solver('Regular test') # # variables # board = {} for i in range(rows): for j in range(cols): board[i, j] = solver.IntVar(0, 1, 'board[%i, %i]' % (i, j)) board_flat = [board[i, j] for i in range(rows) for j in range(cols)] # Flattened board for labeling. # This labeling was inspired by a suggestion from # Pascal Van Hentenryck about my Comet nonogram model. board_label = [] if rows * row_rule_len < cols * col_rule_len: for i in range(rows): for j in range(cols): board_label.append(board[i, j]) else: for j in range(cols): for i in range(rows): board_label.append(board[i, j]) # # constraints # for i in range(rows): check_rule(row_rules[i], [board[i, j] for j in range(cols)]) for j in range(cols): check_rule(col_rules[j], [board[i, j] for i in range(rows)]) # # solution and search # db = solver.Phase(board_label, solver.CHOOSE_FIRST_UNBOUND, solver.ASSIGN_MIN_VALUE) print 'before solver, wall time = ', solver.WallTime(), 'ms' solver.NewSearch(db) num_solutions = 0 while solver.NextSolution(): print num_solutions += 1 for i in range(rows): row = [board[i, j].Value() for j in range(cols)] row_pres = [] for j in row: if j == 1: row_pres.append('#') else: row_pres.append(' ') print ' ', ''.join(row_pres) print print ' ', '-' * cols if num_solutions >= 2: print '2 solutions is enough...' break solver.EndSearch() print print 'num_solutions:', num_solutions print 'failures:', solver.Failures() print 'branches:', solver.Branches() print 'WallTime:', solver.WallTime(), 'ms' # # Default problem # # From http://twan.home.fmf.nl/blog/haskell/Nonograms.details # The lambda picture # rows = 12 row_rule_len = 3 row_rules = [ [0,0,2], [0,1,2], [0,1,1], [0,0,2], [0,0,1], [0,0,3], [0,0,3], [0,2,2], [0,2,1], [2,2,1], [0,2,3], [0,2,2] ] cols = 10 col_rule_len = 2 col_rules = [ [2,1], [1,3], [2,4], [3,4], [0,4], [0,3], [0,3], [0,3], [0,2], [0,2] ] if __name__ == '__main__': if len(sys.argv) > 1: file = sys.argv[1] execfile(file) main(rows, row_rule_len, row_rules, cols, col_rule_len, col_rules)